Coke oven



Jan. i8, 1929.

w. M. PERSON COKE OVEN Filed April 26, 1925 2 Shees-Sheerl FCPI-:.2222: IIZEIII 21:2 :III-3:22:2-

gru/vendo@ Q @ttor nu? W. 'M. PERSON COKE OVEN 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 8, 1929 Patented Jan. 8, i929.

UNHTED @om OVEN.

.application mea april 2e, laas. serial no. 634,874.

Regenerator coke ovens with horizontal heating flues in use prior to my present in-l admitted at the end' of one of the flues, either at the to or the bottom according to the direction ci) flow which is periodically reversed. The airand products of combustion How in i succession through the various lues and in opposite directions in adjoining ues. There are serious objections to such a heating system or arrangement as this. Thus there is creat variation in the quantity of air supplied l5 or combustion, air about one thousand percent in excess being supplied at the first burner, with the result that excess air is mixed with the products of combustion and flows therewith through the successive ues, the

proper amount of air being supplied only to the last burner of the series. There is a cold zone along the length of the top and bottom ues. The ends where the burners are located are too hot because the gas burns in an eX- cess quantity of air. Thus there is a lack of uniformity of heat distribution to the coal being coked. Again during the operation of the oven, "gas is continuously admitted and because of the fact that at the time of reversal of flowof air from the regenerators there is no oxygen present for combustion due to the absence'of air, and also because there is no supply of air to the burners until all the products of combustion in the system have been removed, which requires about one minute and a half, there is a waste of the constantly owin gas which passes out of the stack unburne and which may be approximately from seven to ten percent. The stack draft required to operate such an oven must be large because the products of combustion must be drawn through a total length of lues of about 25() feet with man reverse bends, the result being that no two ues oper# i' 45 ate under the same draft conditions. I have and construction which will be appreciated b5 by those skilled in the art from the more detailed disclosure of my invention which follows herein.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through enough of a coke oven to illustrate my invention;

Fig 2 is a vertical section at right angles to Fig. 1;

Figs. 3 and4 are respectively similar views of another embodiment of my invention;

Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively similar views of yet another embodiment of my invention.

In the embodiments of m invention shown in the drawings the genera construction and relation of lues and regenerators is about the same as now used, the regenerators, 10, being arranged in pairs beneath a coking chamber, 11, and the flues, 12, which are horizontally arranged on opposite sides of the coking chamber. Each regenerator has at the bottom a passage 13, that communicates with the stack flue, not shown in the drawing.l At each end of each flue l place a gas burner, 14. Each flue is connected at each end by a channel or passage with one regenerator or the other, the same end of each flue being connected with the same regenerator so that there is a separate and independent connection or means of communication between each Hue of the series and the regenerator. The channels are situated'in the division walls of the oven and by suitable ports in the upper part of the re enerator communicate with the latter, and y suitable ports communicate with the lues. As shown in Fig. 1 from one of a series of ports, 15, inthe regenerator a channel or riser, 16, leads to a port, 17, that o ens into one of the horizontal ues so that t ere is a channel or riser from each regenerator to one of the ends of each flue. However, as shown in Fig. 3-the ports, 170, opening into 95 three lues may be connected'by a common riser, 160, with a single port, 150, in the regenerator so that with an ordinary arrangement of six horizontal flues there will be but two risers. The arrangement will still be one where each flue has its own communication with the regenerator separate and independent of'every other flue with the result that air to reach one Hue or products of comvbustion to iow from one Hue do not have to pass through another flue. As shown in Fig. 5 all the similar ends of the horizontal iiues may have their ports, 171, connected by a single riser, 161, with a single port, 151, in the regenerator. And, of course, there may be 11,0

other groupings of a 'number of horizontal the cokingchamber lalong the walls of the 65 Hues with a single riser without departing from my invention.

It will be' seen that Whatever be the a1'- rangement of the channels or passages which connect the horizontal Hues independent of their connection with one another, that air taken into one regenerator of a pair will HOW directly from such regenerator to one end of each Hue such end being the same in all the Hues. das will be delivered to the Hues though the burners at such ends and the products of combustion will pass in the same direction through all the Hues and make their exit at the opposite ends of the Hues into the other regenerator passing thence to the stack Hue. At the time of reversal, the gas will be cut 0H' fromthe burners then supplying gas, and the burners at the other ends of the Hues will deliver gas thereto. The only diiference in action will be the reversal of the How of air and products of combustion through the horizontal Hues. It will be seen that the conditions in each Hue are substantially the same, the distribution of air to the different Hues being diHerent only to the extent tha-t the vpassages from the regenerator to the end of the Hues vary in length, assuming the area of the passages to be the same. `Any loss by friction of the air in passing through the passages can be compensated for by increasing the areas of the longer passages and by a valve. ar-

rangement such as a slide brick, 180, which is provided to regulate the quantity of air passing through the Hue. An important advantage of my invention is that the distance Which the gases travel in the Hues is greatly reduced over that which is necessary with the Hue arrangement commonly used, which arrangement I have described. Also by my in vention a much smaller stack draft is necessary. This produces a much nearer neutral condition in Hues and coking chamber so that a considerable reduction of losses by leakage from oven to Hues is obtained. It will also be possible to save considerable heat now going out of the stack by using longer regenerators.

Another important advantage of my inven.

tion is that, say with six horizontal Hues, the volume of productsl of combustion necessary to pass through each Hue is one-sixth that required b the former construction. This result ena les the number of Hues to be increased and their size reduced, such that an increase in y structural strength is secured which will greatly add to the life of the oven.'

In the process of coking, heat is transferred tothe coal being coked in two ways, bycon duction and by convection. If transferred by conduction only, in a properly designed oven, each Hue should transfer' the same amounty of heat per unit area to obtain uniform coking. But in the coking process the gases from the coal, say, opposite the bottom Hue, ascend in oven, and these walls being very hot the gases become heated and a portion of the heat is transferred to other parts of the oven as sensible heat in the gas. It is apparent that no. heat is gained in the bottom Hue by convection and that all the heat needed in the coking process plus the heat lost by convection must be supplied by heat from the bottom Hue and regenerator. In orderto getuniform cokingof the coal charged, it is evident. that there must be a variation of the amount of heat supplied to the evoking chamber by the heat from burning fuel gas in the Hues, and this varying amount must be equal to the heat lost to the ascending gases in the coking chamber. So in actual practice the heat supplied to the Hues must increase from the top of the Hue to the bottom, having the maximum amount in the botton. t y

In my arrangement of the Hues with the inl dividual air connections for each flue it is apparent that on account of the varying length of these connections, such a. distribution of air will be obtained, provided the sectional areas of the air passages are` the same, but Whether this proportion is the correct one there is no way of tellin@ except by trial. This may be done by provi ing brick slides or dampers by which the amount. of air entering the Hues can easily be regulated.v This adjustment of the heat conditions from top to bottom cannot be obtained in the present de sign of horizontal Hues and can never be obtained with the vertical Hue design.

By my invention heat is transferred uniformly to the coal and the coking chamber because uniform heat conditions exist in all the Hues, this uniformity being accomplished by delivering the same amount of gas with tie same amount of air to each Hue and by removing the products of combustion through the stack draft at a uniform rate.

What I claim is: A coking oven havino a coking chamber between opposite verticazl side walls, separate Hues extending horizontall through said side walls, burners at the en s of said Hues, a pair of regenerators directly below the coking chamber, and independent passages connecting the ends of the Hues with one of the regenerators at one of said side walls and cxtending from the top of one of the regenerators, the passages fromthe top of the regenerator to the level of the Hues being` substantially vertical, whereby How through said passages between the tops thereof and the top of the regencrator is substantially vertical andmeans connecting the other regenerator with the other ends of the said Hues.Y

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

WILLIAM MONTGOMERY PERSUN. 

